Salivary glands

• sialadenosis
  18 March 2013

  Sialadenosis is the term used to describe the non-neoplastic, non-inflammatory enlargement of the salivary glands, usually the parotid, which occurs in association with many systemic disorders.
  The involvement is usually bilateral, and the etiology of the often asymptomatic enlargement unclear.
  Obesity, malnutrition of many causes, and alcoholic cirrhosis are common associations.
  Any condition affecting nutritional absorption may be involved, as well as hypothyroidism, gonadal atrophy, (...)

• salivary trauma
  18 March 2013

  Penetrating or blunt trauma most commonly involves the parotid gland. The submandibular and sublingual glands are afforded some protection by the mandible.
  Penetrating facial trauma may involve the parotid duct and/or facial nerve, and a thorough assessment of facial nerve function should be performed in any case of facial trauma. If the injury occurs posterior to the anterior border of the masseter muscle, parotid duct injury may be suspected, and exploration of the wound should be (...)

• salivary radiation-induced Injury
  18 March 2013

  Salivary gland irradiation either for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes may result in disruption of serous acini which are extremely sensitive to the effects of radiation.
  Leakage of enzymes into the surrounding salivary tissues results in an acute inflammatory process with subsequent development of a painful, swollen gland. If the irradiation is discontinued, the inflammatory process typically resolves.
  However, if the radiation is continued, glandular atrophy and xerostomia are the (...)

• cyst of salivary gland
  18 March 2013

  Cysts of salivary gland
  Definition: Cysts of salivary gland origin may be congenital or acquired. Most true cysts are located within the parotid gland.
  Congenital cysts
  Congenital cysts like the first arch branchial cleft cysts comprise an uncommon form of branchial cleft anomaly.
  Type 1 cysts are of ectodermal origin and involve the first arch only. They represent a duplication anomaly of the membranous portion of the external auditory canal.
  Type 2 cysts are of ectodermal and (...)

• necrotizing sialometaplasia
  18 March 2013

  PO
  Definition: Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a benign, self-healing process of unknown etiology.
  Necrotizing sialometaplasia most commnly affects minor salivary glands(hard palate) but may be seen in parotid
  Images
  Necrotizing sialometaplasia https://twitter.com/chioseasi/status/771096302939729922 https://twitter.com/headandneckpath/status/880387876029988864
  Ischemia is thought to play some role in its development. It is self-limiting, and no treatment is required. It typically (...)

• salivary developmental anomalies
  18 March 2013

  Developmental Disorders
  Salivary gland tissue may arise in various aberrent locations within the head and neck.
  Probably the most common site is in periparotid lymph nodes.
  Other sites include the lower neck, sternoclavicular joint, thyroglossal duct, middle ear, tonsils, hypopharynx, and mandible. This aberrant tissue may be located within or on the surface of the mandible.
  That which is located within the mandible may at times be associated with the development of a malignant neoplasm (...)

• sialolithiasis
  18 March 2013

  sialoliths WKP
  The formation of salivary gland calculi occurs in the submandibular gland approximately 80 to 90% of the time and in the parotid gland the remaining 10 to 20%.
  The sublingual and minor salivary glands are rarely involved. Stone formation is thought to be more common in the submandibular gland secondary to the higher mucin content of its saliva and the anti-gravity flow of saliva within the duct. Its saliva is also more alkaline and has a higher calcium and phosphorous (...)

• salivary retention cyst
  18 March 2013

  salivary mucous retention cysts
  Mucous retention cysts do have a true epithelial lining.
  The simple ranula is a form of mucous retention cyst involving the ducts of the sublingual salivary gland and typically presents as an asymptomatic soft, fluid-filled mass in the lateral floor of mouth.

• salivary obstructive anomalies
  18 March 2013

  Salivary Obstructive Disorders
  Types
  mucoceles and mucous retention cysts
  sialolithiasis
  Stenosis, stricture, or congenital atresia
  Kussmaul disease (sialodochitis fibrinosa)

• granulomatous sialadenitis
  18 March 2013

  Tuberculous and non-tuberculous (atypical) mycobacterial involvement of the salivary glands may occur.
  Primary tuberculous infection of the salivary glands is uncommon and most often consists of unilateral parotid gland involvement. The infection is thought to arise in the teeth or tonsils and may result in acute inflammation or a chronic tumorlike lesion.
  Secondary tuberculosis more often involves the submandibular or sublingual glands and is accompanied by pulmonary disease. Diagnosis (...)

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