Colon and rectum

• MSS-CIN
  17 April 2020
• classic CIN pathway
  17 April 2020

  Open references
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6678087/

• colorectal lipomatosis
  4 September 2019

  PO
  Definition : Development of multiple benign lipomas throughout the colon.

• amebic colitis
  26 August 2019

  Images
  https://twitter.com/MiryAchraf/status/1165768089255985153
  See also
  infectious colitis colitis

• kayexalate-associated colitis
  9 March 2019

  Kayexalate-induced colonic ulcer PO
  Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is an ion exchange resin that binds intraluminal potassium; it can cause ischemia and intestinal necrosis, especially (but not only) if given with sorbitol (Am J Surg Pathol 1997;21:60).
  Kayexalate is a cation-exchange resin that acts in the large intestine by exchanging sodium ions for potassium ions. It is used in the treatment of hyperkalemia and can be administered orally or as an enema.
  The mechanism (...)

• pill-associated colitis
  9 March 2019

  PO
  Examples
  kayexalate-associated colitis

• colorectal Langerhans cell histiocytosis
  18 February 2019

  Images
  Colorectal Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH, grooves noted) with appropriate IHC (I am not the one who nailed the diagnosis). ( Am J Surg Pathol. 2011;
  35(2):305-10. PubMed PMID: #21263252#) https://twitter.com/LizMontgomeryMD/status/1097251542216990728
  See also
  colorectal tumors
  Langerhans cell histiocytosis

• BRAF-mutated MMR-proficient adenocarcinoma of the proximal colon
  7 September 2018

  BRAF-mutated microsatellite-stable adenocarcinoma of the proximal colon
  BRAF-mutated proximal colon adenocarcinomas with proficient DNA mismatch repair have a dismal prognosis with an aggressive clinical course and often display mucinous differentiation, focal signet ring histology, and other adverse histologic features such as lymphatic and perineural invasion and high tumor budding. (#22314188#)
  Paywall references
  BRAF-mutated, microsatellite-stable adenocarcinoma of the proximal (...)

• MMR-deficient colorectal carcinoma
  7 September 2018

  Mismatch Repair Deficient Colorectal Carcinomas.
  Mismatch repair-deficient tumors frequently show high-grade histologic features, yet the World Health Organization classifies them as low grade to reflect their favorable prognosis compared with mismatch repair-proficient cancers.
  Intestinal-type colorectal adenocarcinomas are graded based on extent of glandular differentiation, although mucinous, signet-ring cell, and solid cancers are, by convention, classified as high grade.
  Paywall (...)

• composite intestinal adenoma-microcarcinoid
  4 December 2017

  Composite intestinal adenoma-microcarcinoid (CIAM) is a rare colorectal lesion that mostly comprises a conventional adenomatous component with a minute proportion of neuroendocrine (NE) component.
  Although microcarcinoids are well-recognized in the setting of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, large intestinal microcarcinoids associated with intestinal adenoma are exceedingly rare.
  Microcarcinoids found in CIAMs appear to show favorable clinical outcomes (...)

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